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ssh-keygen -t rsa,然后按提示操作,最后將公鑰添加到遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器的authorized_keys文件中。SSH密鑰對(duì)在Linux SysOps中的配置與管理方法

SSH(Secure Shell)是一種網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議,用于在不安全的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中安全地傳輸數(shù)據(jù),SSH密鑰對(duì)是SSH協(xié)議的一種認(rèn)證方式,它使用一對(duì)公鑰和私鑰進(jìn)行身份驗(yàn)證,在Linux系統(tǒng)中,SSH密鑰對(duì)的配置和管理是非常重要的,它可以提高系統(tǒng)的安全性,防止未經(jīng)授權(quán)的訪問(wèn),本文將介紹如何在Linux系統(tǒng)中配置和管理SSH密鑰對(duì)。
生成SSH密鑰對(duì)
在Linux系統(tǒng)中,可以使用sshkeygen命令生成SSH密鑰對(duì),以下是生成SSH密鑰對(duì)的命令:
sshkeygen t rsa b 4096 C "your_email@example.com"
t選項(xiàng)表示密鑰類型,這里選擇的是RSA;b選項(xiàng)表示密鑰長(zhǎng)度,這里選擇的是4096位;C選項(xiàng)表示注釋,可以填寫(xiě)你的郵箱地址。
執(zhí)行上述命令后,會(huì)在當(dāng)前目錄下生成兩個(gè)文件:id_rsa(私鑰)和id_rsa.pub(公鑰)。
將SSH公鑰添加到遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器
要將SSH公鑰添加到遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器,可以使用sshcopyid命令,以下是將SSH公鑰添加到遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器的命令:
sshcopyid user@remote_host
user是遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器上的用戶名,remote_host是遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器的IP地址或域名。
執(zhí)行上述命令后,會(huì)將本地的SSH公鑰復(fù)制到遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器的authorized_keys文件中,這樣,當(dāng)你使用SSH連接遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器時(shí),就不需要輸入密碼了。
禁用密碼登錄
為了提高系統(tǒng)的安全性,建議禁用密碼登錄,可以通過(guò)修改sshd配置文件來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn),以下是禁用密碼登錄的方法:
1、打開(kāi)sshd配置文件:
sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
2、找到以下行:
#PasswordAuthentication yes
3、將其修改為:
PasswordAuthentication no
4、保存并退出文件。
5、重啟sshd服務(wù):
sudo systemctl restart sshd
定期更新SSH密鑰對(duì)
為了確保系統(tǒng)的安全,建議定期更新SSH密鑰對(duì),可以使用sshkeygen命令重新生成密鑰對(duì),并將新的公鑰添加到遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器,以下是更新SSH密鑰對(duì)的方法:
1、生成新的SSH密鑰對(duì):
sshkeygen t rsa b 4096 C "your_email@example.com" f ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa N "" q f ~/.ssh/old_id_rsa.pub > ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub
f選項(xiàng)表示新私鑰的文件名,這里選擇的是~/.ssh/new_id_rsa;N選項(xiàng)表示空密碼;q選項(xiàng)表示靜默模式;f選項(xiàng)表示舊公鑰的文件名,這里選擇的是~/.ssh/old_id_rsa.pub。
2、將新的公鑰添加到遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器:
sshcopyid user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv vuser@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR v vuser@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR vuser@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host i ~/.ssh/new_id_rsa.pub o StrictHostKeyChecking=no o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null o LogLevel=ERROR user@remote_host vuser@remote_host vuser@remote_host vuser@remote_host vuser@remote_host vuser@remote_host vuser@remote_host vuser@remote_host vuser@remote_host vuser@remote_host vuser@remote_host vuser@remote_host vuser@remote
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