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創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)SQLite 教程：SQLite - Java

SQLite - Java

安裝

在 Java 程序中使用 SQLite 之前，我們需要確保機(jī)器上已經(jīng)有 SQLite JDBC Driver 驅(qū)動(dòng)程序和 Java?？梢圆榭?Java 教程了解如何在計(jì)算機(jī)上安裝 Java。現(xiàn)在，我們來看看如何在機(jī)器上安裝 SQLite JDBC 驅(qū)動(dòng)程序。

創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)在網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)、網(wǎng)站制作、重慶APP軟件開發(fā)、網(wǎng)站運(yùn)營(yíng)等方面均有出色的表現(xiàn)，憑借多年豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我們會(huì)仔細(xì)了解各客戶的需求而做出多方面的分析、設(shè)計(jì)、整合，為客戶設(shè)計(jì)出具風(fēng)格及創(chuàng)意性的商業(yè)解決方案，我們更提供一系列成都全網(wǎng)營(yíng)銷推廣，網(wǎng)站制作和網(wǎng)站推廣的服務(wù)，以推動(dòng)各中小企業(yè)全面信息化，并利用創(chuàng)新技術(shù)幫助各行業(yè)提升企業(yè)形象和運(yùn)營(yíng)效率。

  • 本站提供 sqlite-jdbc 3.7.2 版本下載，最新 sqlite-jdbc-(VERSION).jar 版本可以訪問 https://github.com/xerial/sqlite-jdbc/releases 下載。

  • 在您的 class 路徑中添加下載的 jar 文件 sqlite-jdbc-(VERSION).jar，或者在 -classpath 選項(xiàng)中使用它，這將在后面的實(shí)例中進(jìn)行講解。

在學(xué)習(xí)下面部分的知識(shí)之前，您必須對(duì) Java JDBC 概念有初步了解。如果您還未了解相關(guān)知識(shí)，那么建議您可以先花半個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)下 JDBC 教程相關(guān)知識(shí)，這將有助于您學(xué)習(xí)接下來講解的知識(shí)。

連接數(shù)據(jù)庫

下面的 Java 程序顯示了如何連接到一個(gè)現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)庫。如果數(shù)據(jù)庫不存在，那么它就會(huì)被創(chuàng)建，最后將返回一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫對(duì)象。

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Opened database successfully");
  }
}

現(xiàn)在，讓我們來編譯和運(yùn)行上面的程序，在當(dāng)前目錄中創(chuàng)建我們的數(shù)據(jù)庫 test.db。您可以根據(jù)需要改變路徑。我們假設(shè)當(dāng)前路徑下可用的 JDBC 驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的版本是 sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar。

$javac SQLiteJDBC.java
$java -classpath ".:sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar" SQLiteJDBC
Open database successfully

如果您想要使用 Windows 機(jī)器，可以按照下列所示編譯和運(yùn)行您的代碼：

$javac SQLiteJDBC.java
$java -classpath ".;sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar" SQLiteJDBC
Opened database successfully

創(chuàng)建表

下面的 Java 程序?qū)⒂糜谠谙惹皠?chuàng)建的數(shù)據(jù)庫中創(chuàng)建一個(gè)表：

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      String sql = "CREATE TABLE COMPANY " +
                   "(ID INT PRIMARY KEY     NOT NULL," +
                   " NAME           TEXT    NOT NULL, " + 
                   " AGE            INT     NOT NULL, " + 
                   " ADDRESS        CHAR(50), " + 
                   " SALARY         REAL)"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
      stmt.close();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Table created successfully");
  }
}

上述程序編譯和執(zhí)行時(shí)，它會(huì)在 test.db 中創(chuàng)建 COMPANY 表，最終文件列表如下所示：

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3201128 Jan 22 19:04 sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    1506 May  8 05:43 SQLiteJDBC.class
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     832 May  8 05:42 SQLiteJDBC.java
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    3072 May  8 05:43 test.db

INSERT 操作

下面的 Java 代碼顯示了如何在上面創(chuàng)建的 COMPANY 表中創(chuàng)建記錄：

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      c.setAutoCommit(false);
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      String sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
                   "VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 );"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

      sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
            "VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 );"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

      sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
            "VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 );"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

      sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
            "VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 );"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

      stmt.close();
      c.commit();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Records created successfully");
  }
}

上述程序編譯和執(zhí)行時(shí)，它會(huì)在 COMPANY 表中創(chuàng)建給定記錄，并會(huì)顯示以下兩行：

Opened database successfully
Records created successfully

SELECT 操作

下面的 Java 程序顯示了如何從前面創(chuàng)建的 COMPANY 表中獲取并顯示記錄：

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      c.setAutoCommit(false);
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM COMPANY;" );
      while ( rs.next() ) {
         int id = rs.getInt("id");
         String  name = rs.getString("name");
         int age  = rs.getInt("age");
         String  address = rs.getString("address");
         float salary = rs.getFloat("salary");
         System.out.println( "ID = " + id );
         System.out.println( "NAME = " + name );
         System.out.println( "AGE = " + age );
         System.out.println( "ADDRESS = " + address );
         System.out.println( "SALARY = " + salary );
         System.out.println();
      }
      rs.close();
      stmt.close();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Operation done successfully");
  }
}

上述程序編譯和執(zhí)行時(shí)，它會(huì)產(chǎn)生以下結(jié)果：

Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
AGE = 32
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 20000.0

ID = 2
NAME = Allen
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY = 15000.0

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
AGE = 23
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000.0

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000.0

Operation done successfully

UPDATE 操作

下面的 Java 代碼顯示了如何使用 UPDATE 語句來更新任何記錄，然后從 COMPANY 表中獲取并顯示更新的記錄：

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      c.setAutoCommit(false);
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      String sql = "UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1;";
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
      c.commit();

      ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM COMPANY;" );
      while ( rs.next() ) {
         int id = rs.getInt("id");
         String  name = rs.getString("name");
         int age  = rs.getInt("age");
         String  address = rs.getString("address");
         float salary = rs.getFloat("salary");
         System.out.println( "ID = " + id );
         System.out.println( "NAME = " + name );
         System.out.println( "AGE = " + age );
         System.out.println( "ADDRESS = " + address );
         System.out.println( "SALARY = " + salary );
         System.out.println();
      }
      rs.close();
      stmt.close();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Operation done successfully");
  }
}

上述程序編譯和執(zhí)行時(shí)，它會(huì)產(chǎn)生以下結(jié)果：

Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
AGE = 32
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 25000.0

ID = 2
NAME = Allen
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY = 15000.0

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
AGE = 23
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000.0

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000.0

Operation done successfully

DELETE 操作

下面的 Java 代碼顯示了如何使用 DELETE 語句刪除任何記錄，然后從 COMPANY 表中獲取并顯示剩余的記錄：

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      c.setAutoCommit(false);
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      String sql = "DELETE from COMPANY where ID=2;";
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
      c.commit();

      ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM COMPANY;" );
      while ( rs.next() ) {
         int id = rs.getInt("id");
         String  name = rs.getString("name");
         int age  = rs.getInt("age");
         String  address = rs.getString("address");
         float salary = rs.getFloat("salary");
         System.out.println( "ID = " + id );
         System.out.println( "NAME = " + name );
         System.out.println( "AGE = " + age );
         System.out.println( "ADDRESS = " + address );
         System.out.println( "SALARY = " + salary );
         System.out.println();
      }
      rs.close();
      stmt.close();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Operation done successfully");
  }
}

上述程序編譯和執(zhí)行時(shí)，它會(huì)產(chǎn)生以下結(jié)果：

Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
AGE = 32
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 25000.0

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
AGE = 23
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000.0

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000.0

Operation done successfully

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