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如何解決centos時(shí)間不同步

在Linux系統(tǒng)中,時(shí)間同步是非常重要的,因?yàn)楹芏喾?wù)和應(yīng)用都依賴于準(zhǔn)確的系統(tǒng)時(shí)間,CentOS作為一款流行的Linux發(fā)行版,也會遇到時(shí)間不同步的問題,本文將介紹如何解決CentOS時(shí)間不同步的問題。

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問題分析

1、為什么會出現(xiàn)時(shí)間不同步的問題?

在計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)中,時(shí)間是由硬件時(shí)鐘(如CMOS電池供電的RTC)和操作系統(tǒng)共同維護(hù)的,當(dāng)硬件時(shí)鐘出現(xiàn)問題或者操作系統(tǒng)時(shí)間設(shè)置不正確時(shí),就可能出現(xiàn)時(shí)間不同步的情況。

2、時(shí)間不同步會帶來哪些影響?

時(shí)間不同步可能會導(dǎo)致以下問題:

一些依賴系統(tǒng)時(shí)間的應(yīng)用程序無法正常運(yùn)行,如郵件服務(wù)器、Web服務(wù)器等;

日志記錄的時(shí)間戳錯誤,導(dǎo)致無法準(zhǔn)確追蹤事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間;

計(jì)劃任務(wù)執(zhí)行錯誤,因?yàn)橛?jì)劃任務(wù)是按照系統(tǒng)時(shí)間來執(zhí)行的。

解決方案

1、檢查硬件時(shí)鐘

我們需要檢查硬件時(shí)鐘是否正常工作,可以通過以下命令查看硬件時(shí)鐘的狀態(tài):

hwclock --show

如果硬件時(shí)鐘顯示“stopped”,則需要更換CMOS電池并重新啟動計(jì)算機(jī),如果硬件時(shí)鐘顯示正常,但系統(tǒng)時(shí)間仍然不同步,可以嘗試手動校準(zhǔn)硬件時(shí)鐘:

hwclock --set --date="$(date +%Y-%m-%d)" --time="$(date +%H:%M:%S)"

2、配置NTP服務(wù)

NTP(Network Time Protocol)是一種網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)間協(xié)議,可以自動同步計(jì)算機(jī)的系統(tǒng)時(shí)間,在CentOS中,可以通過安裝并配置NTP服務(wù)來實(shí)現(xiàn)時(shí)間同步,以下是安裝和配置NTP服務(wù)的步驟:

(1)安裝NTP服務(wù):

yum install ntp -y

(2)編輯NTP配置文件:

vi /etc/ntp.conf

在配置文件中,找到“server”這一行,將其注釋掉,然后添加如下內(nèi)容:

pool pool.ntp.org iburst maxpoll 180 minpoll 60

這里,我們使用了公共NTP服務(wù)器pool.ntp.org,并設(shè)置了最大輪詢次數(shù)為180次,最小輪詢次數(shù)為60次,你可以根據(jù)需要選擇合適的NTP服務(wù)器。

(3)啟動并設(shè)置開機(jī)自啟動NTP服務(wù):

systemctl start ntpd && systemctl enable ntpd

(4)檢查NTP服務(wù)狀態(tài):

systemctl status ntpd

如果NTP服務(wù)正常運(yùn)行,你可以看到類似以下的輸出:

● ntpd.service Network Time Service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-01-05 14:30:00 CST; 1h 5min ago
     Docs: man:ntpd(8)
           man:ntpq(8)
           man:ntpdc(8)
 Main PID: 1234 (ntpd)
    Tasks: 1 (limit: 4915)
   Memory: 1.2G RSS (1.3G VSZ)
   CGroup: /system.slice/ntpd.service
           └─1234 /usr/sbin/ntpd -u ntp:ntp -g ntp -c /etc/ntp.conf -x -v -llz -peer -4 pool.ntp.org iburst maxpoll 180 minpoll 60 -b refid -o allowall -i allow all -f file notfound nocrc noquery limited-response peerstats version v3 prefer local clock peerlist peers reject kod notrap broadcastdelay minpoll 4 maxpoll 6 delaycompress stepwise multicastclient multicastserver external timefilter peerstats version v3 xmit_interval sync_interval driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift statsdir /var/log/ntp stats enable filegen loopstats file loopstats type day enable holdpoll interval 6 keepalive holdtime 0 nomodify nopeer noquery restrict default ignore_local_config nopreempt source_version includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw file peerkeyfile peerkey /etc/ntp/keys enable keyid support keys peerdetails trustedkey authenticated key keyid keytype require_auth includefile /etc/ntp/keys includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw file peerkeyfile peerkey /etc/ntp/keys enable keyid support keys peerdetails trustedkey authenticated key keyid keytype require_auth includefile /etc/ntp/keys includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw file peerkeyfile peerkey /etc/ntp/keys enable keyid support keys peerdetails trustedkey authenticated key keyid keytype require_auth includefile /etc/ntp/keys includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw file peerkeyfile peerkey /etc/ntp/keys enable keyid support keys peerdetails trustedkey authenticated key keyid keytype require_auth includefile /etc/ntp/keys includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw file peerkeyfile peerkey /etc/ntp/keys enable keyid support keys peerdetails trustedkey authenticated key keyid keytype require_auth includefile /etc/ntp/keys includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw file peerkeyfile peerkey /etc/ntp/keys enable keyid support keys peerdetails trustedkey authenticated key keyid keytype require_auth includefile /etc/ntp/keys includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw file peerkeyfile peerkey /etc/ntp/keys enable keyid support keys peerdetails trustedkey authenticated key keyid keytype require_auth includefile /etc/ntp/keys includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw file peerkeyfile peerkey /etc/ntp/keys enable keyid support keys peerdetails trustedkey authenticated key keyid keytype require_auth includefile /etc/ntp/keys includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw file peerkeyfile peerkey /etc/ntp/keys enable keyid support keys peerdetails trustedkey authenticated key keyid keytype require_auth includefile /etc/ntp/keys includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw file peerkeyfile peerkey /etc/ntp/keys enable keyid support keys peerdetails trustedkey authenticated key keyid keytype require_auth includefile /etc//

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