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OSPf，是一個(gè)路由協(xié)議，路由協(xié)議的作用就是讓路由器之前能夠動(dòng)態(tài)的共享網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息，使其能夠獲得遠(yuǎn)程網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
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區(qū)域的概念是OSPF特有的一種屬性，因?yàn)镺SPF在運(yùn)行時(shí)有一個(gè)操作叫做LSA泛洪，泛洪會(huì)占用網(wǎng)絡(luò)很大的帶寬，同時(shí)消耗路由器的資源，嚴(yán)重的影響可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致路由器down機(jī)。為了減小這種影響，其中一種方式就是減小參與泛洪的路由器的數(shù)量，于是將網(wǎng)絡(luò)中運(yùn)行OSPF的路由器邏輯的劃分為幾個(gè)區(qū)域，泛洪的操作只在區(qū)域中進(jìn)行，路由器減少了，同樣就是減小了泛洪的影響。當(dāng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的路由器數(shù)量較少的時(shí)候，我們可以不對(duì)其進(jìn)行區(qū)域劃分，讓其只運(yùn)行在一個(gè)區(qū)域中，即 area 0，就是單區(qū)域路由了。當(dāng)路由器數(shù)量較大的時(shí)候，就得進(jìn)行區(qū)域的劃分，劃分之后就是多區(qū)域路由，但不管在什么時(shí)候 area 0 必須存在，其他區(qū)域必須與area 0 相連。
實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境：紅，綠，藍(lán)三個(gè)顏色區(qū)域代表三個(gè)不同網(wǎng)絡(luò)的辦公場(chǎng)所，要求使用OSPF協(xié)議實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)互通。
pc1:172.16.1.1
pc2:172.16.2.1
pc3:172.16.3.1
R1:GE0/0/0 172.16.1.254 GE2/0/0 192.168.2.1 GE0/0/1 192.168.1.1
R2:GE0/0/0 172.16.2.254 GE0/0/1 192.168.2.3 GE2/0/0 192.168.2.3
R3:GE0/0/0 172.16.3.254 GE0/0/1 192.168.1.3 GE2/0/0 192.168.3.3
配置PC ip地址
配置路由器
R1:
[R1]INT GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]IP ADD 172.16.1.254 24
May 21 2020 10:38:30-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]INT G2/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]IP ADD 192.168.2.1 24
May 21 2020 10:38:48-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R1-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]INT G0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]IP ADD 192.168.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
May 21 2020 10:39:03-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
R2:
[R2]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.2.2 24
May 21 2020 10:40:28-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g2/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]ip add 192.168.3.2 24
May 21 2020 10:40:39-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.2.254 24
May 21 2020 10:40:57-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
R3:
[R3]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.3.254 24
May 21 2020 10:42:11-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.3 24
May 21 2020 10:42:21-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g2/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]ip add 192.168.3.3 24
May 21 2020 10:42:51-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]
配置OSPF
R1:
[R1]OSPF 1
[R1-ospf-1]AREA 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]NETWORK 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]NETWORK 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]NETWORK 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
R2:
[R2]OSPF 1
[R2-ospf-1]AREA 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]NETWO
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]NETWORK 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]NETWORK 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
R3:
[R3]OSPF 1
[R3-ospf-1]AREA 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]NETWORK 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]NETWORK 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]NETWORK 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
測(cè)試pc1 ping pc2，pc3
如此，OSPF配置完畢！
名稱欄目：配置OSPF單區(qū)域
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