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Linux C 庫（libc）是 Linux 系統(tǒng)中的一個關(guān)鍵組件，為 C 語言程序員提供了許多程序開發(fā)的基礎(chǔ)功能。它負責(zé)與系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核交互，提供對文件、進程、網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信等 I/O 操作的支持，同時也提供了各種數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)和算法庫。隨著時間的推移，Linux C 庫迭代發(fā)展，不斷提升性能和支持新的功能。本文將介紹 Linux C 庫的版本演變、特點和使用中需要注意的問題。

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linux c 庫版本演變

最早的 Linux 系統(tǒng)采用的是 Minix libc，該庫是 Minix 操作系統(tǒng)的一個變種。Linux 0.01 發(fā)布時，僅自帶源代碼，用戶可以自行編譯安裝 C 庫。時至今日，Linux C 庫已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了多個版本的演變，其中最為知名的版本是 Glibc（GNU libc）。

Glibc 是基于 GNU 項目的開源 C 庫，由紅帽公司維護。該庫作為現(xiàn)代 Linux 系統(tǒng)的標準 C 庫，具有廣泛的應(yīng)用。Glibc 最早發(fā)布于 1992 年，至今已經(jīng)更新到了版本 2.33。Glibc 2.0 在 1997 年發(fā)布，它的特點是提供完整的國際化方式，支持多語言字符集和本地化，使得 Linux 可以用于全球范圍內(nèi)的應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)。此后，Glibc 2.x 系列迭代加入了許多新特性，包括線程安全、初始程序加載器（dynamic linker）和調(diào)試支持等。

除了 Glibc 外，還有其他的 C 庫版本，比如 uClibc、Musl libc 等。uClibc 最初是為嵌入式系統(tǒng)開發(fā)設(shè)計的 C 庫，它的特點是占用較少的內(nèi)存，適合在資源匱乏的設(shè)備上運行。Musl libc 是一個輕量級的 C 庫，主要與其他 Linux 系統(tǒng)兼容，但與 Glibc 比較，Musl libc 的體積更小，啟動速度更快，并且支持靜態(tài)鏈接。

Linux C 庫的特點

Linux C 庫是一個重要的系統(tǒng)組件，它有以下幾個特點：

1.提供了 C 語言開發(fā)的基礎(chǔ)支持

Linux C 庫為 C 語言開發(fā)提供了標準的 I/O、內(nèi)存管理、文件操作、進程管理等基礎(chǔ)功能，大大降低了開發(fā)者的工作量，提高了生產(chǎn)效率。

2.與系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核緊密配合

Linux C 庫是用戶空間與內(nèi)核空間之間的橋梁，負責(zé)將用戶程序的請求轉(zhuǎn)換為系統(tǒng)調(diào)用傳遞給內(nèi)核，同時將內(nèi)核返回的結(jié)果轉(zhuǎn)化為可讀寫的格式返回給用戶程序。因此 Linux C 庫與內(nèi)核的版本需要保持一致。

3.對多線程程序提供支持

隨著多核心處理器的普及，支持多線程的程序越來越受到關(guān)注。Linux C 庫提供了多線程編程的接口和相關(guān)函數(shù)，支持線程同步和互斥，保障了多線程程序的可靠性。

4.具有良好的擴展性

Linux C 庫是開源軟件，它可以被自由地修改和擴展。用戶可以根據(jù)需要在庫中添加自己的函數(shù)和接口，以適應(yīng)自己的應(yīng)用需求。

Linux C 庫的使用注意事項

雖然 Linux C 庫為開發(fā)者提供了許多便捷的功能和接口，但在使用過程中還有一些需要注意的問題。下面是一些常見的注意事項：

1.版本問題

Linux C 庫與系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核密切相關(guān)，用戶應(yīng)該根據(jù)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核版本來選擇對應(yīng)的 C 庫版本。如果版本不匹配，可能會導(dǎo)致程序異?；虮罎?。

2.動態(tài)鏈接和靜態(tài)鏈接

Linux C 庫的鏈接方式有兩種：動態(tài)鏈接和靜態(tài)鏈接。動態(tài)鏈接是在運行時將庫文件載入內(nèi)存，并與程序動態(tài)鏈接。靜態(tài)鏈接則是將庫文件編譯進可執(zhí)行程序中。動態(tài)鏈接的優(yōu)點是共享庫，可以減少內(nèi)存的使用，但也有一定的安全風(fēng)險。靜態(tài)鏈接的優(yōu)點是程序獨立運行，可移植性好，但會增加可執(zhí)行程序的大小和編譯時間。

3.編譯選項

Linux C 庫的編譯選項非常豐富，包括優(yōu)化選項、調(diào)試選項、安全選項等。用戶應(yīng)該根據(jù)自己的需求選擇適當?shù)木幾g選項，以確保程序的性能和安全性。

結(jié)論

Linux C 庫是一個關(guān)鍵的系統(tǒng)組件，它為 C 語言程序員提供了許多基礎(chǔ)功能和接口。常見的 Linux C 庫版本有 Glibc、uClibc、Musl libc 等，它們具有不同的特點和優(yōu)缺點。在使用 Linux C 庫時，用戶需要注意版本問題、鏈接方式、編譯選項等問題，以確保程序的正確性、可靠性和性能。

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求Linux c版 ini文件解析 庫或者代碼

下面是一個VB6的類的源代碼，來自國外網(wǎng)站的一個技術(shù)專家，類名:CSetting,可以讀寫ini配置文件，或者賣行賣讀寫注冊表配帶掘置。

Option Explicit

‘Settings interface class

‘Copyright ?Stan Schultes

‘Written for VBPJ Getting Started September, 2023

‘CSetting mode enum

Public Enum csModes

csModeRegistry = 0

csModeINI = 1

End Enum

‘class member variables

Private m_eSaveMode As csModes

‘module-level variables

Private msININame As String’name of .INI file

Private msAppName As String’app name for settings

‘INI setting APIs

Private Declare Function GetPrivateProfileInt Lib “kernel32” Alias “GetPrivateProfileIntA” (ByVal SectionName As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal Default As Long, ByVal FileName As String) As Long

Private Declare Function GetPrivateProfileString Lib “kernel32” Alias “中逗GetPrivateProfileStringA” (ByVal SectionName As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal Default As String, ByVal ReturnedString As String, ByVal StringSize As Long, ByVal FileName As String) As Long

Private Declare Function WritePrivateProfileString Lib “kernel32” Alias “WritePrivateProfileStringA” (ByVal SectionName As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal KeyValue As String, ByVal FileName As String) As Long

‘there is no WritePrivateProfileInt declaration…

‘Error definitions

Private Const mklErrOffset As Long = vbObjectError + 512

Private Const mklErrNotNumeric As Long = mklErrOffset + 1

Private Const mksErrNotNumeric As String = “The setting value returned was not numeric”

Private Const mklErrWriting As Long = mklErrOffset + 2

Private Const mksErrWriting As String = “Error writing Setting “

Private Const mklErrReading As Long = mklErrOffset + 3

Private Const mksErrReading As String = “Error reading Setting “

Public Function Init(Optional ByVal AppPath As String, Optional ByVal AppName As Variant, Optional ByVal Mode As csModes = csModeRegistry)

‘Set up class variables, default to Registry mode

If IsMissing(AppPath) Then

msININame = App.Path

Else

msININame = Trim$(AppPath)

End If

If IsMissing(AppName) Then

msAppName = App.EXEName

Else

msAppName = Trim$(AppName)

End If

‘default to the app’s .exe path

msININame = msININame & “\” & msAppName & “.ini”

‘ msININame = App.Path & “\” & msAppName & “.ini”

SaveMode = Mode

End Function

Public Function GetSettingStr(ByVal Section As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal DefaultValue As String) As String

‘returns a string setting

Dim lRet As Long

Dim sBuf As String * 128

On Error GoTo GetSettingStr_Error

If Len(msAppName) = 0 Then Init

Select Case m_eSaveMode

Case csModeRegistry

GetSettingStr = GetSetting(msAppName, Section, KeyName, DefaultValue)

Case Else

lRet = GetPrivateProfileString(Section, KeyName, DefaultValue, sBuf, Len(sBuf), msININame)

GetSettingStr = TrimNull(sBuf)

End Select

GetSettingStr_Exit:

Exit Function

GetSettingStr_Error:

Err.Raise mklErrReading, “CSetting.GetSettingStr”, mksErrReading & “(” & Err & “, ” & Error & “)”

End Function

Public Function GetSettingInt(ByVal Section As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal DefaultValue As Integer) As Integer

‘returns a numeric setting

Dim sSetting As String

On Error GoTo GetSettingInt_Error

If Len(msAppName) = 0 Then Init

Select Case m_eSaveMode

Case csModeRegistry

sSetting = GetSetting(msAppName, Section, KeyName, CStr(DefaultValue))

‘check if value is numeric

If IsNumeric(sSetting) Then

GetSettingInt = CInt(sSetting)

Else

‘match behavior of .INI return

GetSettingInt = 0

‘or – return error if desired

‘On Error GoTo’disable handler to return error

‘Err.Raise mklErrNotNumeric, “CSetting.GetSettingInt”, mksErrNotNumeric

End If

Case Else

‘returns 0 if not numeric

GetSettingInt = GetPrivateProfileInt(Section, KeyName, DefaultValue, msININame)

End Select

GetSettingInt_Exit:

Exit Function

GetSettingInt_Error:

Err.Raise mklErrReading, “CSetting.GetSettingInt”, mksErrReading & “(” & Err & “, ” & Error & “)”

End Function

Public Sub SaveSettingStr(ByVal Section As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal Setting As String)

‘saves a string setting

Dim lRet As Long

On Error GoTo SaveSettingStr_Error

If Len(msAppName) = 0 Then Init

Select Case m_eSaveMode

Case csModeRegistry

SaveSetting msAppName, Section, KeyName, Setting

Case Else

lRet = WritePrivateProfileString(Section, KeyName, Setting, msININame)

End Select

SaveSettingStr_Exit:

Exit Sub

SaveSettingStr_Error:

Err.Raise mklErrWriting, “CSetting.SaveSettingStr”, mksErrWriting & “(” & Err & “, ” & Error & “)”

End Sub

Public Sub SaveSettingInt(ByVal Section As String, ByVal KeyName As String, Setting As Integer)

‘saves a numeric setting

Dim lRet As Long

On Error GoTo SaveSettingInt_Error

If Len(msAppName) = 0 Then Init

Select Case m_eSaveMode

Case csModeRegistry

SaveSetting msAppName, Section, KeyName, CStr(Setting)

Case Else

lRet = WritePrivateProfileString(Section, KeyName, CStr(Setting), msININame)

End Select

SaveSettingInt_Exit:

Exit Sub

SaveSettingInt_Error:

Err.Raise mklErrWriting, “CSetting.SaveSettingInt”, mksErrWriting & “(” & Err & “, ” & Error & “)”

End Sub

Public Property Let SaveMode(Mode As csModes)

‘sets save mode, see csModes enum

m_eSaveMode = Mode

End Property

Public Property Get SaveMode() As Long

‘returns save mode

SaveMode = CLng(m_eSaveMode)

End Property

Private Function TrimNull(ByVal InString As String) As String

‘trims string at first Null character

Dim lPos As Long

TrimNull = Trim$(InString)

lPos = InStr(TrimNull, vbNullChar)

If lPos > 0 Then TrimNull = Left$(TrimNull, lPos – 1)

End Function

Private Sub Class_Initialize()

msININame = App.Path & “\” & App.EXEName & “.ini”

End Sub

使用方法：

在程序的全局模塊中定義CSetting的類實例變量：（以下定義了兩個，分別讀寫ini和注冊表）

Public SetIni As CSetting ‘讀寫ini配置文件參數(shù)’

Public SetReg As CSetting’讀寫注冊表配置參數(shù)

在sub main 中初始化：(其中PATH_EXE是你的程序路徑，放ini文件的路徑)

Set SetIni = New CSetting

SetIni.Init PATH_Exe, App.Title, csModeINI

Set SetReg = New CSetting

SetReg.Init PATH_Exe, App.Title, csModeRegistry

這就可以隨便用了。

dbPassword = SetIni.GetSettingStr(NameDB, “Password”, “111111”)

dbUserID = SetIni.GetSettingStr(NameDB, “UserID”, “123456”)

dbCatalog = SetIni.GetSettingStr(NameDB, “Catalog”, “aaa”)

dbDataSource = SetIni.GetSettingStr(NameDB, “DataSource”, sky)

cnStr= “Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Password=” & dbPassword & “;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=” & dbUserID & “;Initial Catalog=” & dbCatalog & “;Data Source=” & dbDataSource ‘

其它由你自己補充了。

下面是一個VB6的類的源代碼，來自國外網(wǎng)站的一個技術(shù)專家，類名:CSetting,可以讀寫ini配置文件，或者賣行賣讀寫注冊表配帶掘置。

Option Explicit

‘Settings interface class

‘Copyright ?Stan Schultes

‘Written for VBPJ Getting Started September, 2023

‘CSetting mode enum

Public Enum csModes

csModeRegistry = 0

csModeINI = 1

End Enum

‘class member variables

Private m_eSaveMode As csModes

‘module-level variables

Private msININame As String’name of .INI file

Private msAppName As String’app name for settings

‘INI setting APIs

Private Declare Function GetPrivateProfileInt Lib “kernel32” Alias “GetPrivateProfileIntA” (ByVal SectionName As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal Default As Long, ByVal FileName As String) As Long

Private Declare Function GetPrivateProfileString Lib “kernel32” Alias “中逗GetPrivateProfileStringA” (ByVal SectionName As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal Default As String, ByVal ReturnedString As String, ByVal StringSize As Long, ByVal FileName As String) As Long

Private Declare Function WritePrivateProfileString Lib “kernel32” Alias “WritePrivateProfileStringA” (ByVal SectionName As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal KeyValue As String, ByVal FileName As String) As Long

‘there is no WritePrivateProfileInt declaration…

‘Error definitions

Private Const mklErrOffset As Long = vbObjectError + 512

Private Const mklErrNotNumeric As Long = mklErrOffset + 1

Private Const mksErrNotNumeric As String = “The setting value returned was not numeric”

Private Const mklErrWriting As Long = mklErrOffset + 2

Private Const mksErrWriting As String = “Error writing Setting “

Private Const mklErrReading As Long = mklErrOffset + 3

Private Const mksErrReading As String = “Error reading Setting “

Public Function Init(Optional ByVal AppPath As String, Optional ByVal AppName As Variant, Optional ByVal Mode As csModes = csModeRegistry)

‘Set up class variables, default to Registry mode

If IsMissing(AppPath) Then

msININame = App.Path

Else

msININame = Trim$(AppPath)

End If

If IsMissing(AppName) Then

msAppName = App.EXEName

Else

msAppName = Trim$(AppName)

End If

‘default to the app’s .exe path

msININame = msININame & “\” & msAppName & “.ini”

‘ msININame = App.Path & “\” & msAppName & “.ini”

SaveMode = Mode

End Function

Public Function GetSettingStr(ByVal Section As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal DefaultValue As String) As String

‘returns a string setting

Dim lRet As Long

Dim sBuf As String * 128

On Error GoTo GetSettingStr_Error

If Len(msAppName) = 0 Then Init

Select Case m_eSaveMode

Case csModeRegistry

GetSettingStr = GetSetting(msAppName, Section, KeyName, DefaultValue)

Case Else

lRet = GetPrivateProfileString(Section, KeyName, DefaultValue, sBuf, Len(sBuf), msININame)

GetSettingStr = TrimNull(sBuf)

End Select

GetSettingStr_Exit:

Exit Function

GetSettingStr_Error:

Err.Raise mklErrReading, “CSetting.GetSettingStr”, mksErrReading & “(” & Err & “, ” & Error & “)”

End Function

Public Function GetSettingInt(ByVal Section As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal DefaultValue As Integer) As Integer

‘returns a numeric setting

Dim sSetting As String

On Error GoTo GetSettingInt_Error

If Len(msAppName) = 0 Then Init

Select Case m_eSaveMode

Case csModeRegistry

sSetting = GetSetting(msAppName, Section, KeyName, CStr(DefaultValue))

‘check if value is numeric

If IsNumeric(sSetting) Then

GetSettingInt = CInt(sSetting)

Else

‘match behavior of .INI return

GetSettingInt = 0

‘or – return error if desired

‘On Error GoTo’disable handler to return error

‘Err.Raise mklErrNotNumeric, “CSetting.GetSettingInt”, mksErrNotNumeric

End If

Case Else

‘returns 0 if not numeric

GetSettingInt = GetPrivateProfileInt(Section, KeyName, DefaultValue, msININame)

End Select

GetSettingInt_Exit:

Exit Function

GetSettingInt_Error:

Err.Raise mklErrReading, “CSetting.GetSettingInt”, mksErrReading & “(” & Err & “, ” & Error & “)”

End Function

Public Sub SaveSettingStr(ByVal Section As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal Setting As String)

‘saves a string setting

Dim lRet As Long

On Error GoTo SaveSettingStr_Error

If Len(msAppName) = 0 Then Init

Select Case m_eSaveMode

Case csModeRegistry

SaveSetting msAppName, Section, KeyName, Setting

Case Else

lRet = WritePrivateProfileString(Section, KeyName, Setting, msININame)

End Select

SaveSettingStr_Exit:

Exit Sub

SaveSettingStr_Error:

Err.Raise mklErrWriting, “CSetting.SaveSettingStr”, mksErrWriting & “(” & Err & “, ” & Error & “)”

End Sub

Public Sub SaveSettingInt(ByVal Section As String, ByVal KeyName As String, Setting As Integer)

‘saves a numeric setting

Dim lRet As Long

On Error GoTo SaveSettingInt_Error

If Len(msAppName) = 0 Then Init

Select Case m_eSaveMode

Case csModeRegistry

SaveSetting msAppName, Section, KeyName, CStr(Setting)

Case Else

lRet = WritePrivateProfileString(Section, KeyName, CStr(Setting), msININame)

End Select

SaveSettingInt_Exit:

Exit Sub

SaveSettingInt_Error:

Err.Raise mklErrWriting, “CSetting.SaveSettingInt”, mksErrWriting & “(” & Err & “, ” & Error & “)”

End Sub

Public Property Let SaveMode(Mode As csModes)

‘sets save mode, see csModes enum

m_eSaveMode = Mode

End Property

Public Property Get SaveMode() As Long

‘returns save mode

SaveMode = CLng(m_eSaveMode)

End Property

Private Function TrimNull(ByVal InString As String) As String

‘trims string at first Null character

Dim lPos As Long

TrimNull = Trim$(InString)

lPos = InStr(TrimNull, vbNullChar)

If lPos > 0 Then TrimNull = Left$(TrimNull, lPos – 1)

End Function

Private Sub Class_Initialize()

msININame = App.Path & “\” & App.EXEName & “.ini”

End Sub

使用方法：

在程序的全局模塊中定義CSetting的類實例變量：（以下定義了兩個，分別讀寫ini和注冊表）

Public SetIni As CSetting ‘讀寫ini配置文件參數(shù)’

Public SetReg As CSetting’讀寫注冊表配置參數(shù)

在sub main 中初始化：(其中PATH_EXE是你的程序路徑，放ini文件的路徑)

Set SetIni = New CSetting

SetIni.Init PATH_Exe, App.Title, csModeINI

Set SetReg = New CSetting

SetReg.Init PATH_Exe, App.Title, csModeRegistry

這就可以隨便用了。

dbPassword = SetIni.GetSettingStr(NameDB, “Password”, “111111”)

dbUserID = SetIni.GetSettingStr(NameDB, “UserID”, “123456”)

dbCatalog = SetIni.GetSettingStr(NameDB, “Catalog”, “aaa”)

dbDataSource = SetIni.GetSettingStr(NameDB, “DataSource”, sky)

cnStr= “Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Password=” & dbPassword & “;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=” & dbUserID & “;Initial Catalog=” & dbCatalog & “;Data Source=” & dbDataSource ‘

其它由你自己補充了。

ini文件的內(nèi)容大致什么樣子？

這兆頌個要給運前分，前面的族悄鄭都答非所問

關(guān)于linux c 庫版本的介紹到此就結(jié)束了，不知道你從中找到你需要的信息了嗎 ？如果你還想了解更多這方面的信息，記得收藏關(guān)注本站。

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