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Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫是一種廣泛使用的關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)，它具有強(qiáng)大的數(shù)據(jù)處理能力和豐富的功能，在Linux系統(tǒng)中，我們可以使用bash來完成Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫的管理，本文將詳細(xì)介紹如何使用bash完成Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫的安裝、啟動、關(guān)閉、備份和恢復(fù)等操作。
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1、安裝Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫
在安裝Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫之前，我們需要先安裝一些依賴包，如unzip、tar等，可以使用以下命令進(jìn)行安裝：
sudo yum install y unzip tar
接下來，我們需要下載Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫的安裝包，可以從Oracle官網(wǎng)下載對應(yīng)版本的安裝包，然后使用unzip命令解壓：
wget http://download.oracle.com/otnpub/java/jdk/8u201b09/42970487e3af4f5aa5bca3f542482c60/jdk8u201linuxx64.tar.gz sudo tar zxvf jdk8u201linuxx64.tar.gz C /usr/local
創(chuàng)建Oracle用戶和組：
sudo groupadd oinstall sudo groupadd dba sudo useradd g oinstall G dba oracle sudo passwd oracle
設(shè)置環(huán)境變量：
echo 'export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle' >> ~oracle/.bash_profile echo 'export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1' >> ~oracle/.bash_profile echo 'export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> ~oracle/.bash_profile source ~oracle/.bash_profile
創(chuàng)建Oracle基目錄：
sudo mkdir p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata $ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 sudo chown R oracle:oinstall $ORACLE_BASE sudo chmod R 775 $ORACLE_BASE
運行安裝程序：
cd $ORACLE_BASE/database sudo ./runInstaller silent responseFile /tmp/db_install.rsp ignorePrereq waitforcompletion force ignoreSysPrereqs ignoreInternalDriverErrors ignoreOsPrereqs ignoreVersionCheck noconfig platform Linux x86_64
2、啟動Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫
使用以下命令啟動Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫：
sqlplus / as sysdba <3、關(guān)閉Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫
使用以下命令關(guān)閉Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫：
sqlplus / as sysdba <4、備份Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫
使用以下命令備份Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫：
expdp system/password@orcl directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR dumpfile=backup.dmp logfile=backup.log content=metadata_only;
system/password@orcl是用戶名和密碼，DATA_PUMP_DIR是數(shù)據(jù)泵目錄，backup.dmp是備份文件名，backup.log是日志文件名。content=metadata_only表示只備份元數(shù)據(jù)，如果需要備份數(shù)據(jù)，可以將該參數(shù)改為content=all。5、恢復(fù)Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫
創(chuàng)建一個目錄用于存放恢復(fù)文件：
mkdir p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/recovery_area/orcl/datafiles/users/system/packages/scripts/triggers/views/materialized_viewlogs/sequences/schemas/tablespaces/indexes/clusters/consensus/*redo*/**/*archive*/**/*controlfile*/**/*spfile*/**/*password*/**/*audit*/**/*log*/**/*alert*/**/*trace*/**/*flashback_transactions_*/**/*flashback_archive_*/**/*rman*/**/*sqlnet*/**/*dbfs*/**/*xmltype*/**/*type*/**/*directory*/**/*job*/**/*queue*/**/*public*/**/*role*/**/*synonyms*/**/*trigger*/**/*constraint*/**/*grant*/**/*privilege*/**/*role_mapping*/**/*object_permissions*/**/*audit_trail*/**/*plsql_warnings*/**/*dbms_output*/**/*dbms_pipe*/**/*dbms_random*/**/*dbms_lock*/**/*dbms_stats*/**/*dbms_xmlparser*/**/*dbms_java*/**/*dbms_streams*/**/*dbms_tti*/**/*dbms_assertion*/**/*dbms_error*/**/*dbms_dynaws*/**/*dbms_javafxpackageaccess*/**/*dbms_javaxsecurityproviderauthenticationspi*/ *.dbf *.ctl *.log *.dmp *.par *.rcv *.sql *.txt *.bak *.jar *.doc *.docx *.pdf *.ppt *.pptx *.xls *.xlsx *.class *.properties *.cfg *.sh *.bat *.plb *.pkb *.pks *.pksx *.plsql *.plsqlblock *.plsqlsource *.plsqlpackage *.plsqlfunction *.plsqlprocedure *.plsqltrigger *.plsqltype *.plsqltable *.plsqlview *.plsqlpackagebody *.plsqlpackagespec *.plsqloverviewercache *.mv */; expdp system/password@orcl directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR dumpfile=backup.dmp logfile=recovery.log remap_schema=orcl:orcl remap_tablespace=orcl:orcl remap_datafile=orcl:orcl remap_password=orcl:orcl remap_dumpfile=orcl:orcl remap_logfile=orcl:orcl content=metadata_only; expdp system/password@orcl directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR dumpfile=backup20190801.dmp logfile=recovery20190801.log remap_schema=orcl:orcl remap_tablespace=orcl:orcl remap_datafile=orcl:orcl remap_password=orcl:orcl remap_dumpfile=orcl:orcl remap_logfile=orcl:orcl content=metadata_only; exit; expdp system/password@orcl directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR dumpfile=backup20190802.dmp logfile=recovery20190802.log remap_schema=orcl:orcl remap_tablespace=orcl:orcl remap_datafile=orcl:orcl remap_password=orcl:orcl remap_dumpfile=orcl:orcl remap_logfile=orcl:orcl content=metadata_only; exit; expdp system/password@orcl directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR dumpfile=backup20190803.dmp logfile=recovery20190803.log remap_schema=orcl:orcl remap_tablespace=orcl:orcl remap_datafile=orcl:orcl remap_password=orcl:orcl remap_dumpfile=orcl:orcl remap_logfile=orcl:orcl content=metadata_only; exit; expdp system/password@orcl directory=DATAPUMPDIR dumpfile=backup20190804.dmp logfile=recovery20190804.log remap_schema=orcl:orcl remap_tablespace=orcc: orlcc remap_datafile= orlcc: orlcc remap_password = orlcc: orlcc remap dir ectory = orlcc: orlcc content = all; exit; rdbms / as sysdba <
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