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Dovecot是一款能夠?yàn)長(zhǎng)inux系統(tǒng)提供IMAP和POP3電子郵件服務(wù)的開源服務(wù)程序，安全性極高，配置簡(jiǎn)單，執(zhí)行速度快，而且占用的服務(wù)器硬件資源也較少，因此是一款值得推薦的收件服務(wù)程序。
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第1步：安裝Dovecot服務(wù)程序軟件包。大家可自行配置Yum軟件倉庫、掛載光盤鏡像到指定目錄，然后輸入要安裝的dovecot軟件包名稱即可：
[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum install dovecot
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
rhel | 4.1 kB 00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package dovecot.x86_64 1:2.2.10-4.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libclucene-core.so.1()(64bit) for package: 1:dovecot-2.2.10-4.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libclucene-shared.so.1()(64bit) for package: 1:dovecot-2.2.10-4.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package clucene-core.x86_64 0:2.3.3.4-11.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
dovecot x86_64 1:2.2.10-4.el7 rhel 3.2 M
Installing for dependencies:
clucene-core x86_64 2.3.3.4-11.el7 rhel 528 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 3.7 M
Installed size: 12 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 44 MB/s | 3.7 MB 00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : clucene-core-2.3.3.4-11.el7.x86_64 1/2
Installing : 1:dovecot-2.2.10-4.el7.x86_64 2/2
Verifying : 1:dovecot-2.2.10-4.el7.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : clucene-core-2.3.3.4-11.el7.x86_64 2/2
Installed:
dovecot.x86_64 1:2.2.10-4.el7
Dependency Installed:
clucene-core.x86_64 0:2.3.3.4-11.el7
Complete!第2步：配置部署Dovecot服務(wù)程序。在Dovecot服務(wù)程序的主配置文件中進(jìn)行如下修改。首先是第24行，把Dovecot服務(wù)程序支持的電子郵件協(xié)議修改為imap、pop3和lmtp。然后在這一行下面添加一行參數(shù)，允許用戶使用明文進(jìn)行密碼驗(yàn)證。之所以這樣操作，是因?yàn)镈ovecot服務(wù)程序?yàn)榱吮ＷC電子郵件系統(tǒng)的安全而默認(rèn)強(qiáng)制用戶使用加密方式進(jìn)行登錄，而由于當(dāng)前還沒有加密系統(tǒng)，因此需要添加該參數(shù)來允許用戶的明文登錄。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
………………省略部分輸出信息………………
23 # Protocols we want to be serving.
24 protocols = imap pop3 lmtp
25 disable_plaintext_auth = no
………………省略部分輸出信息………………在主配置文件中的第48行，設(shè)置允許登錄的網(wǎng)段地址，也就是說我們可以在這里限制只有來自于某個(gè)網(wǎng)段的用戶才能使用電子郵件系統(tǒng)。如果想允許所有人都能使用，則不用修改本參數(shù)：
44 # Space separated list of trusted network ranges. Connections from these
45 # IPs are allowed to override their IP addresses and ports (for logging and
46 # for authentication checks). disable_plaintext_auth is also ignored for
47 # these networks. Typically you'd specify your IMAP proxy servers here.
48 login_trusted_networks = 192.168.10.0/24第3步：配置郵件格式與存儲(chǔ)路徑。在Dovecot服務(wù)程序單獨(dú)的子配置文件中，定義一個(gè)路徑，用于指定要將收到的郵件存放到服務(wù)器本地的哪個(gè)位置。這個(gè)路徑默認(rèn)已經(jīng)定義好了，我們只需要將該配置文件中第24行前面的井號(hào)（#）刪除即可。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf
1 ##
2 ## Mailbox locations and namespaces
3 ##
4 # Location for users' mailboxes. The default is empty, which means that Dovecot
5 # tries to find the mailboxes automatically. This won't work if the user
6 # doesn't yet have any mail, so you should explicitly tell Dovecot the full
7 # location.
8 #
9 # If you're using mbox, giving a path to the INBOX file (eg. /var/mail/%u)
10 # isn't enough. You'll also need to tell Dovecot where the other mailboxes are
11 # kept. This is called the "root mail directory", and it must be the first
12 # path given in the mail_location setting.
13 #
14 # There are a few special variables you can use, eg.:
15 #
16 # %u - username
17 # %n - user part in user@domain, same as %u if there's no domain
18 # %d - domain part in user@domain, empty if there's no domain
19 # %h - home directory
20 #
21 # See doc/wiki/Variables.txt for full list. Some examples:
22 #
23 # mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir
24 mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
25 # mail_location = mbox:/var/mail/%d/%1n/%n:INDEX=/var/indexes/%d/%1n/%n
………………省略部分輸出信息………………然后切換到配置Postfix服務(wù)程序時(shí)創(chuàng)建的boss賬戶，并在家目錄中建立用于保存郵件的目錄。記得要重啟Dovecot服務(wù)并將其添加到開機(jī)啟動(dòng)項(xiàng)中。至此，對(duì)Dovecot服務(wù)程序的配置部署步驟全部結(jié)束。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# su - boss
Last login: Sat Aug 15 16:15:58 CST 2017 on pts/1
[boss@mail ~]$ mkdir -p mail/.imap/INBOX
[boss@mail ~]$ exit
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart dovecot
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl enable dovecot
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/dovecot.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dovecot.service'文章名稱：創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)linux教程：15.2.2配置Dovecot服務(wù)程序
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